Punxsutawney Phil Doesn't See Shadow, Predicting Early Spring
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PUNXSUTAWNEY, Pa. (CNN) -- Punxsutawney Phil predicts spring will come early. Don't get too excited, though -- he's usually wrong.
Thousands of people gathered Saturday at Gobbler's Knob in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania, to watch the famous groundhog emerge from his burrow and deliver his highly anticipated forecast.
As the legend goes, if Phil sees his shadow, he considers it an "omen" of six more weeks of bad weather and heads back into his hole. If it's cloudy and he doesn't, you can put away that winter coat sooner than expected.
The groundhog doesn't have the best track record
It's a Groundhog Day tradition that stretches back more than a century. But even though Phil has been in the weather-prediction business for more than 130 years, he doesn't have a stellar track record.
To be fair, it's a pretty tough job. Trying to predict a month and a half of weather for a country with vastly different regional climates is no small feat. Still, you think he'd have the hang of it by now.
In the past decade, Phil has predicted a longer winter seven times and an early spring three times. He was only right about 40% of the time, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, which says the groundhog shows "no predictive skill."
"You're better off trying to decide what the rest of February and March will look like by flipping a coin," CNN meteorologist Judson Jones said.
But the people who know Phil best don't exactly see it that way.
A.J. Dereume, one of the groundhog's handlers, insists Phil's predictions have a 100% accuracy rate -- they just get lost in translation.
According to lore, the president of the Punxsutawney Groundhog Club is the only person who can interpret Phil's message. So every year, the groundhog sits on his tree stump and conveys his prediction to the club president, who then directs the vice president to read from a scroll that corresponds with the year's forecast.
"Phil is the one deciding whether or not he's seen the shadow," Dereume says. "It's not up to us. All we do is deliver his message."
Either way, human forecasters don't mind having the alternate prediction out there in case their own projections go askew.
"People like to have something to blame for the weather, and the groundhog is the perfect thing to blame," Jones said. "It's better than blaming your meteorologist."
Why a groundhog makes weather predictions
So, why do Americans look to a groundhog for a weather forecast?
The tradition has its roots in a Christian religious holiday called Candlemas Day, dating back to ancient times. It was celebrated midway between the winter solstice and the spring equinox.
Later, people across Europe took their candles to church on February 2 to have them blessed, believing it would bring good tidings through the winter, according to the Punxsutawney Groundhog Club.
Over time, the tradition evolved to incorporate weather. A sunny sky on February 2, superstition held, would mean a cold and stormy remainder of winter, while a cloudy sky meant a quicker warm-up.
When the tradition spread to Germany, a hedgehog -- and its shadow sightings -- joined the mix. And when German settlers arrived in the colonial America, they relied on the more plentiful groundhog to do the work.
Fast-forward to 1887, when an editor of a Punxsutawney newspaper declared Phil America's official weather-predicting groundhog. Newspapers across the country picked up the story, and the tradition caught on.
The ongoing polar vortex
We now know Phil's prediction -- but we also have our doubts. So, what do the experts say the next month or so will actually feel like?
Well, the past week spread record cold across the United States. More than 200 million Americans experienced temperatures below freezing. The polar vortex killed at least 23 people and left others with lasting frostbite injuries.
Next comes the thermal whiplash as the bone-chilling cold is expected to melt away through early next week.
As for the rest of winter, temperatures over the next six weeks look about average -- if not below average in most of the country, Jones said, nodding in the direction of a bit more winter.
(The-CNN-Wire™ & © 2019 Cable News Network, Inc., a Time Warner Company. All rights reserved.)
