Trump's economic boasts fail to resonate in some struggling black communities
PHILADELPHIA—It's one of President Trump's favorite talking points in promoting his administration's success: the record low rate of black unemployment. But on a recent sunny afternoon in Vernon Park in Philadelphia's Germantown neighborhood, that victory seemed hollow.
As children laughed on the playground, several black men — some out of work, others homeless — sat or slept on benches nearby. Similar scenes play out across America and are backed by data that counter the positive picture Trump often paints in campaign-style rallies before largely white audiences.
When asked what he makes of Mr. Trump's claim that black Americans are faring better under his administration, construction company owner and Germantown resident Carlton Washington replied, "Where at? Calabasas?"
The retort was a reference to controversial rapper Kanye West, who had lunch with Mr. Trump at the White House on Thursday afternoon. Over roasted chicken, fingerling potatoes and sautéed asparagus, the two discussed crime in Chicago, more possible presidential pardons, job creation and the black unemployment rate.
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the unemployment rate for black Americans in September was 6 percent. That's down from a high of 21.2 percent in January 1983, but is still nearly double the overall national unemployment rate of 3.7 percent. The unemployment rate belies the on-the-ground reality for many African-Americans, according to experts.
"The rates are improving. There's a question of whether his policies created that improvement," said Andre Perry of the Brookings Institution, whose research focuses on black communities. "My question is: What kind of jobs are people working in?"
While black employment may have improved, that hasn't translated into broader economic gains.
That's partly because African-Americans are still disproportionately toiling in lower-quality jobs. Black people make up roughly one-fifth of those working in temporary jobs, a figure that hasn't changed much in the past five years, even as the economy has improved. Just 12 percent of all Americans are black.
And last year, Mr. Trump's first in office, the income gap between whites and blacks widened slightly. The typical African-American household earned $40,258, down 0.2 percent from a year earlier, while white households saw an income gain of 2.6 percent, to $68,145.
The racial wealth gap has also worsened even as unemployment rates have come down. The median net worth of a white household was 10 times that of a black household in 2016, the latest data available. That's up from seven times in 2004.
Perry noted that the national unemployment rate doesn't take into account underperforming geographic regions or demographic groups.
"What does full employment mean to a black man in Baltimore? To youth in Chicago?" Perry said. "What are you doing to bring opportunities to black neighborhoods, to create wealth? I don't see those signs of the economy."
Philadelphia City Councilwoman Cindy Bass, whose district includes Germantown, remembers shopping with her family as a child along the neighborhood's then-main economic corridor, where residents could buy food, get their hair done and find a pair of sneakers or a new outfit all within a few blocks during the 1970s and 1980s.
The area is much different today, with less activity and fewer businesses and the jobs that came with them.
"I don't know what he's claiming credit for," said Bass, looking toward Germantown and Chelten avenues. "His numbers are fake news, as far as I'm concerned."
Bass said Mr. Trump's continued assertion that black America is recovering is an insult.
"People are struggling, and to not give any sort of recognition of that, and to say that everything's OK, everybody's working, everybody's doing well, is just not true. When you look at our communities, you see something completely different. When was the last time he's been to any neighborhood that is even similar to a Germantown?"
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In Germantown, a neighborhood that is 80 percent black, the median income is $28,046, less than half the national average, according to the census. The poverty rate is 34 percent, nearly three times the national rate of 12.7 percent. More than 20 percent of residents make less than $10,000, and 60 percent of families live on less than $50,000.
That number obscures those who have dropped out of the labor market, who are doing cash-only jobs or who have gone underground. Carlton Washington sees many of them in his business and teen mentoring program.
The 36-year-old lifelong Philadelphian learned construction from his mentor and tries to help those he can. In addition to his regular crew of about 10 workers, he has a list of about 50 unemployed or underemployed men who could help out at job sites.
"If they're not available, I just go throughout the neighborhood and try to find guys to put a little money in their pocket for the day," Washington said, adding that a day's work might earn $50 to $60 for tasks ranging from demolition to more skilled labor like electrical work, plumbing or carpentry.
"It's not much -- by the time you drive to the job site and get back, that's probably spent on a couple of groceries for dinner that night and gas," Washington said. "All of them have families, are married, have multiple children. As much as you want to help them, it's really no help."
Washington said he would like to see Mr. Trump visit a neighborhood like his the next time he holds a rally in a state with a major city, to see what he sees on the ground, every day.
"Sitting in this park, we're talking about the middle of the day, and about 20 people are sitting here unemployed, drinking, drowning their misery," Washington said. "He's not coming to these areas, so to even speak on the black unemployment rate -- it's almost like an NFL player speaking on something going on in baseball. You don't play baseball."
