Soyuz blasts off with three bound for space station
An experienced Russian cosmonaut, a NASA shuttle veteran and the first female cosmonaut to be assigned to the International Space Station blasted off Thursday aboard a Soyuz ferry craft, kicking off a six-hour flight to the orbiting lab complex. One of two solar arrays failed to initially deploy, but officials said the spacecraft had more than enough power for the planned four-orbit rendezvous.
With Soyuz TMA-14M commander Alexander Samokutyaev at the controls, flanked on the left by board engineer Elena Serova and on the right by Barry "Butch" Wilmore, the Soyuz rocket thundered to life at 4:25 p.m. EDT (GMT-4; 2:25 a.m. Friday local time), lighting up the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan as it climbed away.
Launching directly into the plane of the space station's orbit, the iconic Russian rocket soared away through a cloudy, deep overnight sky, putting on a dramatic show for family members, spaceport workers and agency managers as it accelerated toward space through low clouds.
The ascent went smoothly and all three crew members appeared relaxed in live video downlinked from the Soyuz. Eight minutes and 45 seconds after liftoff, the Soyuz TMA-14M spacecraft separated from the rocket's upper stage into an orbit with a low point of 118 miles and a high point of around 143 miles, trailing the space station by about 2,311 miles.
But only one of the spacecraft's two solar panels initially deployed as planned.
"There's a problem with the port array," said a NASA official at the Johnson Space Center in Houston. "It's no mission impact as long as they stay on a four-orbit rendezvous. They have plenty of battery power for rendezvous and docking."
He said engineers were optimistic the panel would "shake" free at some point with rendezvous rocket firings and with orbital temperature swings.
"It looked like a good ride, we got to see about the first 30 seconds then we lost the Soyuz behind the Dragon (cargo ship)," astronaut Reid Wiseman radioed from the space station. "So we were happy to be watching NASA TV and see these guys safely in orbit. We'll have dinner waiting for them."
If all goes well, Samokutyaev and Serova will oversee an automated sequence of rocket firings to catch up with the space station in its roughly circular 260-mile-high orbit, moving in for docking at the upper Poisk module around 10:15 p.m. Standing by to welcome them aboard will be Wiseman, Expedition 41 commander Maxim Suraev and European Space Agency astronaut Alexander Gerst.
The trio has had the station to themselves since Sept. 10 when outgoing commander Steven Swanson, Soyuz commander Alexander Skvortsov and Oleg Artemyev returned to Earth aboard the TMA-12M ferry craft.
Samokutyaev is a veteran of a previous station flight, logging 164 days in space in 2011. Wilmore has a shuttle flight to his credit, serving as pilot of the Atlantis for an 11-day station visit in 2009. Serova, the fourth female cosmonaut and the first to visit the space station, is making her first flight.
"There were a number of women on the ISS before me, but I will be the first Russian woman cosmonaut," she said in a NASA interview. "I never thought about it too much because space is what I do for work, and that's what I think about it: it's my work. But obviously for Russian women it might be a breakthrough in this area."
Cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova was the first Russian woman in space, launched in June 1963. Svetlana Savitskaya was the second, flying in 1982 and again in 1984. Elena Kondakova was the most recent, flying in 1994 on a Soyuz spacecraft and again in 1997 aboard the space shuttle. Forty-five U.S. women have flown in space, along with nine from other nations.
Married to an aerospace engineer and the mother of an 11-year-old child, Serova is firmly focused on the job at hand, dismissing questions about the greater significance of her mission.
"There have been quite a few female astronauts before me, and I don't see my flying as such an outstanding event," said said in a later interview. "Each of us is first and foremost governed by his or her primary tasks aboard the station. So, I would say this is a regular and nominal occurrence. Nothing special."
But like anyone preparing for a space flight, she later admitted "I'm excited, and I'm anxious."
"We've been studying for a long time, studying the vehicle, reading the manuals, and now we'll be on our own," she said through a translator. "I think our crew is ready."
Samokutyaev, married and a father of one, said he was pleased with Serova's progress, calling her "my pupil" and adding that "she achieved more than I could hope for."
In an interview with CBS News, he said he welcomed the presence of women in orbit, adding a somewhat less-than-liberated take on roles and responsibilities.
"When I entered (the space) station for the first time I was met by a woman, (NASA astronaut) Catherine Coleman, and for all of us who were new to spaceflight, she was like a mother to us," he said. "We are happy that a Russian woman is going to be flying on ISS, only the fourth woman cosmonaut and the first Russian woman on ISS.
"Of course, we are trying to distribute our duties on board and Elena promised that the cuisine will be delicious! Also, she promised the Russian segment would be very comfortable and cozy, like home."
But Serova is nothing but serious about her role. At a pre-flight news conference, a reporter asked her to talk "more about your, maybe, everyday life on the station, how you see it? For example, your hair, how are you planning to do your hair?"
"I have a question for you," Serova replied. "Why don't you ask the question about Alexander's hair? I'm sorry, this is my answer."
The Soyuz TMA-14M flight comes during a time of increased tension between Russia and the United States in the wake of Russia's annexation of Crimea and the ongoing crisis in Ukraine. Despite U.S. sanctions and an escalating war of words at the diplomatic level, Wilmore said there was no stress among space workers.
He praised his Russian trainers and said everyone had gone out of their way to make him feel welcome.
"From day one, if I didn't watch the news or listen to the news, I would have no idea that there were any political tensions at all with respect to what I've done here," he said in an interview from Moscow. "It's been no different at all. Our instructors here in Russia are very passionate about what they do and ensuring that we are well-trained and prepared for our mission, and there's been no change in any of that. They have been wonderful.
"My crewmates, it has not been an issue," he said. "As far as the hierarchy at NASA, Roscosmos and Energia, there's been nothing that I'm aware of that trickled down to my level at all. Like I said, if I didn't know there were some political tensions I would have no idea. It's been wonderful, it's been great."
It's also been a challenge. A veteran Navy fighter pilot with more than 6,800 hours flying time, 663 carrier landings and a shuttle mission to his credit, Wilmore said learning Russian was the most difficult aspect of flying on a Soyuz.
"When I was in high school and college, I never had to learn a foreign language," he said. "But when I got assigned to this mission, understanding at least some portion of Russian was a requirement. So the hardest thing that I've done is learning Russian, by far. There are certain challenges involved with learning a new vehicle, but learning the language is difficult, and it's tough. I'm still learning."
The Expedition 41 crew faces a particularly busy few weeks in orbit, staging three spacewalks in October, unloading and repacking a SpaceX Dragon cargo ship and taking delivery of an Orbital Sciences cargo craft and a Russian Progress supply ship.
Two NASA spacewalks are planned to move a failed ammonia pump module to a long-term storage location on the station's solar power truss and to replace a device called a sequential shunt unit that will restore one of the station's eight power channels to normal operation.
The pump storage spacewalk, by Wiseman and Gerst, is planned for Oct. 7 while the SSU swapout, by Wiseman and Wilmore, is targeted for Oct. 15. Suraev and Samokutyaev plan to venture outside Oct. 22 to replace materials for science experiments and to carry out routine maintenance.
The SpaceX Dragon cargo ship, launched early Sunday morning, is the fourth operational flight under a $1.6 billion contract with NASA that calls for 12 missions to deliver some 44,000 pounds of cargo. The latest Dragon reached the space station Tuesday, approaching from directly below and then holding position while Gerst, operating the station's robot arm, locked onto a grapple fixture so the capsule could be pulled in for berthing at the Earth-facing port of the forward Harmony module.
The spacecraft was loaded with some 2.5 tons of equipment and supplies, including an experimental 3D printer, 20 research mice, an instrument to measure ocean wind speeds and a wide variety of other items, including a month's supply of food, fresh clothing and spare parts.
After unloading the supply ship, the station crew will repack it with some 3,400 pounds of cargo, experiment samples and other components for return to Earth. Unberthing and splashdown in the Pacific Ocean is planned for Oct. 18. Two days later, the Orbital Sciences Cygnus cargo ship, the company's third mission under a $1.9 billion resupply contract, is scheduled for launch from Wallops Island, Va., carrying another load of supplies and equipment.
The Progress M-25M supply ship -- the 57th launched to the station -- is scheduled for takeoff from Baikonur Oct. 29. After that, the combined crew will enjoy several weeks of uninterrupted scientific research and maintenance before Suraev, Gerst and Wiseman depart aboard the Soyuz TMA-13M spacecraft Nov. 10, closing out a 165-day mission.
Their replacements -- Soyuz TMA-15M commander Alexander Shkaplerov, NASA astronaut Terry Virts and ESA flier Samantha Cristoforetti -- are scheduled for launch Nov. 23. Wilmore, Samokutyaev and Serova are expected to spend 167 days in orbit, returning to Earth March 12 next year.
Asked how his family would cope with the long absence, Wilmore said his wife, Deanna, and his two daughters, 7 and 10, were well-prepared. NASA has even loaned an iPad to the family for weekly video conferences from orbit.
"My wife, Deanna, is a wonderful mother, a wonderful wife, and she teaches our daughters. We homeschool our daughters, and she spends a great deal of time with them, and she's helped me prepare them for this entire two-and-a-half year training flow," he said. "It hasn't been that painful. There's a lot of people around our nation, around the globe, that the father's job takes them away from their families. And this one's no different.
"The opportunity to do these things, to have the opportunity to work on the International Space Station is something that's very intriguing for me, and I'm trying to give the girls a little bit of that as well, to help them understand the importance of it all. And I think they do."
