Immigration Protests Grip U.S. Cities
Hundreds of thousands of mostly Hispanic immigrants skipped work or school and took to the streets Monday, flexing their newfound political muscle in a nationwide boycott that, while far from unified, still succeeded in slowing or shutting many farms, factories, markets and restaurants.
From Los Angeles to Chicago, New Orleans to Houston, the "Day Without Immigrants," attracted widespread participation despite divisions among activists over whether a boycott would send the right message to Washington lawmakers considering sweeping immigration reform.
"I want my children to know their mother is not a criminal," said Benita Olmedo, a nanny who came to the United States illegally in 1986 from Mexico and pulled her 11-year-old daughter and 7-year-old son from school to march in San Diego. "I want them to be as strong I am. This shows our strength."
"We are the backbone of what America is, legal or illegal, it doesn't matter," said Melanie Lugo, who was among thousands attending a rally in Denver with her husband and their third-grade daughter. "We butter each other's bread. They need us as much as we need them."
An estimated 300,000 people gathered by early afternoon in Chicago, and hundreds of thousands more were expected later at rallies in New York and Los Angeles.
Rallies were planned in at least 60 U.S. cities today, even in such far-flung places as Connecticut or South Dakota, CBS News national correspondent Byron Pitts reports.
Before they even began, the rallies had effects on some big businesses: Six of 14 Perdue Farms plants planned to close; Gallo Wines in Sonoma, Calif., was giving its 150 employees the day off; Tyson Foods Inc., the world's largest meat producer, planned to shut five of its nine beef plants and four of six pork plants.
CBS News' Jennifer Miller reports from Chicago — one of the most ethnically diverse cities in the United States, with Mexicans making up its largest foreign-born population — that immigrants of all ethnicities gathered together in a show of unity. They marched, many holding hands, three miles through the heart of the city.
Ernest Calderon, 38, came to the Chicago rally with a sign listing the names of his heroes: Abraham Lincoln, John F. Kennedy and Pancho Villa.
Watch Miller's report from downtown Chicago."Our heroes understood that they had to fight for freedom and democracy, and we are here doing the same," said Calderon, a concrete worker who came from Mexico and gained his citizenship more than a decade ago. "We are here for the same reasons."
In the Los Angeles area, normally bustling restaurants and markets were dark and truckers avoided the nation's largest shipping port. In downtown Los Angeles, it appeared about one in three small businesses was closed.
Industries that rely on immigrant workers were clearly affected, though the impact was not uniform.
None of the 175 seasonal laborers who normally work Mike Collins' 500 acres of Vidalia onion fields in southeastern Georgia showed up Monday.
"We need to be going wide open this time of year to get these onions out of the field," he said. "We've got orders to fill. Losing a day in this part of the season causes a tremendous amount of problems."
It was the same story in Indiana, where the owner of one landscaping business said he was at a loss.
About 25 Hispanic workers — 90 percent of the field work force — never reported Monday to Salsbery Brothers Landscaping.
"We're basically shut down in our busiest month of the year," said owner Jeff Salsbery. "It's going to cost me thousands of dollars."
And that's the point, protester Susan Ceja tells CBS News.
"Without us the economy ain't going to be as strong as it is," she said.
CBS News correspondent Bob Fuss reports that Republicans who want to crack down on illegal immigration say these protests backfire and only make their supporters more determined.
But Rep. Jose Serrano, D-N.Y., says the protests send an important message. That's why he joined one rally in New York.
Beef and chicken processing plants also felt the pinch.
Eight of 14 Perdue Farms chicken plants closed for lack of workers. Tyson Foods Inc., the world's largest meat producer, shuttered about a dozen of its more than 100 plants and saw "higher-than-usual absenteeism" at others, according to spokesman Gary Michaelson. Most of the closures were in states such as Iowa and Nebraska. Poultry plants also closed in North Carolina and Georgia.
In Minnesota, however, managers at eight plants operated by Hormel Foods Corp. reported normal levels of absences, said spokeswoman Julie Craven.
The sites where day laborers normally wait for employers became places for political statements.
The construction and nursery industries were among the hardest hit by the work stoppage in Florida.
Bill Spann, executive vice president of the Association of General Contractors, said more than half the workers at construction sites in Miami-Dade County did not show up Monday.
"If I lose my job, it's worth it," says Jose Cruz, an immigrant from El Salvador who protested with several thousand others in the rural Florida city of Homestead rather than work his construction job. "It's worth losing several jobs to get my papers."
The impact on schools was not so clear. In Santa Ana, the Orange County seat, about 3,000 middle and high school students were absent. The 62,000-student district is about 90 percent Hispanic.
Not far away in the normally bustling Port of Long Beach, about 30 miles south of downtown Los Angeles, was eerily quiet, with many truck drivers avoiding work. Lunch truck operator Sammy Rodriguez, 77, said 100 trucks normally line up in the mornings outside the California United Terminals. On Monday, he said, just three or four showed up.
Some of the rallies drew small numbers of counter-protesters, including one in Pensacola, Fla.
"You should send all of the 13 million aliens home, then you take all of the welfare recipients who are taking a free check and make them do those jobs," said Jack Culberson, a retired Army colonel who attended the Pensacola rally. "It's as simple as that."
Jesse Hernandez, who owns a Birmingham, Ala., company that supplies Hispanic laborers to companies around the Southeast, shut down his four-person office in solidarity with the demonstrations.
"Unfortunately, human nature is that you don't really know what you have until you don't have it," he said.