Declining Sales Rock Auto Industry
General Motors Corp. soundly beat Toyota Motor Corp. in June to retain its traditional U.S. sales lead, but GM sales still dropped 18.2 percent during a dismal month for most large automakers.
Toyota's U.S. sales fell 21.4 percent, while Ford Motor Co. said it sales tumbled nearly 28 percent.
Annual auto sales, which hit 17 million in 2005, slowed to 16.1 million last year, and are expected to skid another 10% this year, reports CBS News Business Correspondent Anthony Mason
"We haven't seen a double digit decline in the automotive industry in decades," said auto industry analyst Rebecca Lindland with Global Insight.
Officially, U.S. auto sales are on pace for their worst year since 1993, with an estimated 14.5 million units in 2008 expected to be sold, down from an average of 16.8, reports CBS News correspondent Jeff Glor.
Ford was the first automaker to report sales data Tuesday. Analysts had predicted June auto sales could drop by double-digits to their lowest monthly rate in 16 years. Ford shares sank to a new 52-week low, while rival General Motors Corp. shares are trading near their lowest level in more than a half century.
GM's shares bounced nearly 6 percent higher in afternoon trading Tuesday after sinking to their lowest level in more than a half century during Monday's session.
The nation's biggest automaker on Tuesday reported selling 262,329 vehicles for the month, compared with Toyota's 193,234. Some industry analysts had expected Toyota to beat GM in the U.S. for the first time, but both companies were hurt by a sluggish economy and poor sales of trucks and sport utility vehicles.
Toyota car sales fell 9.4 percent in June while its truck sales were off 38.8 percent.
GM's car sales sank 21 percent in June, while its incentive-boosted truck sales were off 16 percent.
For the first half of the year, GM sales fell 16.3 percent compared with the year-ago period. Toyota sales were down 6.8 percent for the first six months of the year.
Toyota took the global sales lead from General Motors in the first quarter, capitalizing on growth in China and Europe as GM saw its North American sales drag down gains in other markets. GM barely won the global sales race with Toyota last year, but Toyota overtook it as the world's top automaker as measured by global vehicle production in 2007.
Honda Motor Co., with its car-heavy lineup, reported a 1.1 percent sales increase for June, with a 19.3 percent rise in car sales offsetting an 24 percent drop in trucks.
But Ford, still reliant on trucks and sport utility vehicles, saw its sales drop 27.9 percent.
Industry analysts had predicted June auto sales could drop by double-digits to their lowest monthly rate in 16 years.
Dearborn-based Ford blamed the latest sales decline on high gas prices and low consumer confidence, which sent buyers to the sidelines. It reported steep drops in June sales of pickup trucks and sport utility vehicles, including a 41 percent year-over-year decline for the F-Series pickup, a perennial best-seller, and a 52 percent drop for the Ford Explorer SUV.
George Pipas, Ford's top sales analyst, said SUV sales are probably down for good.
"Our view is that gas prices aren't likely to go down, and more importantly, many consumers have moved on," he said. "We believe that the segment has merit for certain consumers but is not likely to rebound at any point."
For the first half of the year, Ford's sales were down 14 percent compared with the year-ago period.
U.S. auto sales had already fallen for seven straight months as of May, the longest period of consecutive monthly drops in eight years, according to the auto information Web site Edmunds.com.
When customers do buy, they're picking smaller cars, crossovers and hybrids.
With gas prices soaring, drivers are looking for more fuel-efficient models. But there aren't many options on the lot, Mason reports.
"Only about 12 percent of all vehicles out there get better than 25 miles per gallon." Lindland said.
Ford said sales of its smallest car, the Ford Focus, rose 28 percent in the first six months of the year, although Focus sales fell in June. Pipas blamed the decline on supply problems and a cut in sales to fleet buyers.
The automaker said last month it plans to increase production of the Focus as well as the Mercury Mariner and Ford Escape small SUVs.
Ford shares sank to a 52-week low of $4.41 early Tuesday but recovered to $4.72, down only 9 cents, in afternoon trading. They have traded as high as $9.64 over the past year.
The market responded well to GM's news. Its shares rose 67 cents, or 5.8 percent, to $12.17 in afternoon trading after briefly falling as low as $10.57 during Monday's session, the lowest level since Sept. 22, 1954, according to the Center for Research in Security Prices at the University of Chicago.
The Associated Press reports unadjusted auto sales figures, calculating the percentage change in the total number of vehicles sold in one month compared with the same month a year earlier. Some automakers report percentages adjusted for sales days. There were 24 sales days last month and 27 in June 2007.