Malaysia: "Sad scene" at abandoned migrant camps
WANG KELIAN, Malaysia -- Malaysian authorities said Monday they have discovered 139 suspected graves in a series of abandoned camps used by human traffickers on the border with Thailand where Rohingya Muslims fleeing Burma were believed to have been held.
Malaysian police chief Khalid Abu Bakar said that a sweep of the hilly, jungle area found at least 28 camps along a 30-mile stretch of the border. At one of the camps, police found "a highly decomposed body" that would be examined by forensics experts as teams began the work of excavating the areas believed to be graves.
"It is a very sad scene," Abu Bakar told reporters in northern Perlis state at a police outpost several miles from the suspected camps, some of which he said appeared to have been abandoned two to three weeks ago.
"We have discovered 139 of what we believe to be graves," he said, describing them mostly as mounds of earth, covered by leaves and marked by sticks. "Forensics teams have gone in to exhume any remains."
"We accept that there are syndicates involved in this and their main aim is for monetary gains," he said. "We will investigate, and we will not condone anyone, including Malaysian officials."
The finding follows a similar discovery earlier this month by police in Thailand who unearthed dozens of bodies from shallow graves on the Thai side of the border. The grim discoveries are shedding new light on the hidden network of jungle camps run by traffickers, who have for years held countless desperate people captive while extorting ransoms from their families.
Most of those who have fallen victim to the trafficking networks are refugees and impoverished migrants from Burma and Bangladesh, part of a wave of people who have fled their homelands by sea on over-crowded, rickety boats to reach countries like Malaysia, where they hope to find work or live free from persecution.
Thousands of the so-called "boat people" are from the minority Rohingya community in Burma, or Myanmar, as it is also known.
The Rohingya, numbering around 1.3 million in Burma, have been called one of the most persecuted minorities in the world. Long denied basic rights, they have been driven from their homes in mob attacks in Myanmar's Rakhine state several times since 2012.
More than 140,000 were displaced and are now living under apartheid-like conditions in crowded camps. More than 100,000 others have fled by sea.
CBS News correspondent Bill Whitaker, on assignment for "60 Minutes," managed to slip into one of the sprawling camps set up by the Burmese government for Rohingyas who have fled their own villages out of fear for their lives.
Whitaker met Abdusalem at one of the camps, which are normally off-limits to journalists. The man told CBS News he and his family had fled their homes about three years ago, at the peak of violent attacks against the Muslim minorities by Burma's majority Buddhists.
"My family ran to survive," Abdusalam told Whitaker. "They're barely surviving now."
The people stuck in the camps are frightened, hungry and stateless. Rohingya are not considered citizens of Burma.
Matt Smith, a human rights worker documenting conditions in the camps, told CBS News they're essentially "concentration camps."
"People are confined in these camps," said Smith. "They can't leave these areas." Their only escape is the risky boat journeys into the unknown.
As Southeast Asian governments have launched crackdowns amid intensified international pressure and media scrutiny, traffickers have abandoned camps on land and boats at sea to avoid arrest.
The graves were found in the northern state of Perlis. The state borders southern Thailand's Songkhla province, where at least 36 bodies were found earlier this month.
According to the Malay-language Utusan Malaysia newspaper, police found 30 large graves containing hundreds of corpses in mid-May in forests around the Perlis towns of Padang Besar and Wang Kelian.
The English-language Star Online said 100 bodies were found in a single grave in Padang Besar. It said police forensics teams had arrived there Friday night to investigate, and the area had been cordoned off.
Human rights groups and activists say the area on the Thai-Malaysia border has been used for years to smuggle migrants and refugees, including Rohingya Muslims, a persecuted minority in Myanmar.
In many cases, they pay human smugglers thousands of dollars for passage, but are instead held for weeks or months, while traffickers extort more money from families back home. Rights groups say some have been beaten to death, and The Associated Press has documented other cases in which people have been enslaved on fishing boats.
Since May 10 alone, more than 3,600 people -- about half of them from Bangladesh and half Rohingya from Burma -- have landed ashore in Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Thousands more are believed to be trapped at sea in boats abandoned by their captains.
Last June, the U.S. downgraded Thailand and Malaysia to Tier 3 -- its lowest category -- in an annual assessment of how governments handle human trafficking.
On Saturday in Vietnam's capital, Hanoi, U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said he has been speaking to regional leaders about the crisis and urging them to find a solution.
Malaysia and Indonesia announced last week that they would provide temporary shelter for up to one year for migrants recently found or still stranded at sea. The U.S. has said it will settle some of them permanently.
Four Malaysian navy ships began searching for boats Friday, but their operation is limited to Malaysia's territorial waters. The Pentagon said Thursday that Washington was readying air patrols to aid in the search, but a U.S. Embassy spokeswoman in Bangkok said the offer of assistance was still awaiting clearance.