North Dakota limits bathroom use for transgender people
Transgender kids and adults in North Dakota won't be able to access bathrooms, locker rooms or showers that match the gender they identify with in places like college dorms or jails, under a new law signed by Republican Gov. Doug Burgum.
The American Civil Liberties Union has said that so far this year, more than 450 bills attacking the rights of transgender people have been introduced in state legislatures.
Burgum's office announced Wednesday that he had signed the bill the previous day. The measure passed the state House and Senate with veto-proof majorities.
Dorms and living facilities controlled by the state board of higher education are affected, as well as correctional facilities for youths and adults. Restrooms and shower rooms will be designated for use exclusively by males or exclusively by females. Transgender or gender-nonconforming people will need to get approval from a staff member to use the restroom or shower room of their choice.
The governor's office declined to comment on the bill Wednesday.
Rep. Eric Murphy was one of three Republicans who defied their party and voted against the bill when it was in the House.
"I don't try to be polarizing. I just don't think there was a need for the legislation," the lawmaker from Grand Forks said in an interview after the new law was announced.
Murphy, a professor of biomedical sciences at the University of North Dakota, said he doesn't think there needs to be a law to tell school officials how to handle this issue.
Republican Rep. Jeff Hoverson supported the bill. "Why would you not want a men's bathroom to be for men, and a women's bathroom to be for women?" the Minot representative said Wednesday.
Experts say gender is a spectrum, not a binary structure consisting of only males and females, and it can vary by society and change over time. Sex refers to biological characteristics, such as chromosomes, hormones and reproductive anatomy, which can also vary or change in understanding over time, or be medically and legally altered.
Last week, the governor signed a bill that restricts transgender health care in the state, immediately making it a crime to give gender-affirming care to people younger than 18.
That measure also received veto-proof support from GOP lawmakers — although some Republicans did vote against it, alongside all Democrats.
Earlier this month, Burgum also signed a transgender athlete ban into law after it similarly passed the House and Senate with veto-proof majorities. In 2021, Burgum vetoed a bill that would have imposed a transgender athlete ban at that time, but House and Senate lawmakers did not have enough votes back then to override his veto.
Republican lawmakers across the country are also banning gender-affirming care for minors. Restrictions have gone into effect in eight states this year — including conservative Utah and South Dakota — and are slated to in at least nine more by next year.