Columbia says protesters occupied Hamilton Hall overnight. See the videos from campus.
NEW YORK -- Columbia University says protesters occupied Hamilton Hall early Tuesday -- a building demonstrators took over during anti-Vietnam War protests in 1968.
Witnesses said a large group of pro-Palestinian demonstrators gathered outside the hall before a smaller group ran inside and barricaded themselves in with desks, chairs and vending machines. Video shows them using a hammer to break windows and then locking the doors from the inside, as more protesters cheered them on from outside.
In a public safety advisory issued overnight, the university asked students and staff to avoid the Morningside campus Tuesday. Classes ended Monday, and students will spend the next few days studying for their final exams.
"Early this morning, a group of protestors occupied Hamilton Hall on the Morningside campus. In light of the protest activity on campus, members of the University community who can avoid coming to the Morningside campus today (Tuesday, April 30) should do so; essential personnel should report to work according to university policy. Please check with your supervisor if you have any questions. Be aware that access to campus and other campus buildings may be restricted," the statement read in part.
A group representing the demonstrators also issued a news release overnight spelling out their demands.
Addressing the crowd in front of the building, one protester said, "We demand that Columbia divest all of its finances, including the endowment from companies and institutions that profit from Israeli apartheid, genocide, and occupation in Palestine. … We will not stop until every single one of our demands are meant, until every single inch of Palestine is free."
The demonstrators unfurled a large banner from a Hamilton Hall window saying "Free Palestine." They also hung another banner renaming it "Hind's Hall," after Hind Rajab, a 6-year-old Palestinian killed in Gaza three months ago.
So far, the NYPD has not been called onto campus, but officers remain stationed outside. The campus is private property, so police cannot enter without a requested from the administration.
CBS New York's Natalie Duddridge reported seeing a handful of police officers and campus security outside the Amsterdam Avenue entrance, along with barricades.
"The police and the media are the tools that demonstrators can use to amplify whatever the small group that's taken over the building are doing. So police are going to be very careful with how they handle any protest, including one that's off the campus and onto city property," CBS News law enforcement contributor and former NYPD Deputy Commissioner Richard Esposito explained.
Jessica Schwalb, a Columbia junior, told CBS News the campus was "lawless" and "utter anarchy" overnight.
She said demonstrators in Hamilton Hall "zip-tied the door handles together and then broke the windows, bashed the windows with hammers, and put these metal bike locks around the door handles. They put the bike lock on the first set of doors, is what I saw, and then they were bringing tables, the heavy black metal tables from the eating area that's right in front of Hamilton Hall, and had a group of people push them up against the door handles as a barricade, and then people were also bringing furniture from Hamilton Hall to barricade inside."
"They barricaded themselves in, they brought chairs out, blocked the doors, and they moved outdoor, heavy metal tables, blockaded the doors... formed human chains and started protesting, and claiming that they had liberated the space, essentially," another student named Jonas Du told CBS New York.
Until this point, the protests had been limited to the encampment on the main lawn and others on the sidewalk outside campus. Students CBS New York spoke with early Tuesday morning said they were shocked by the sudden escalation.
"Two very heroic students decided to get in front of the mob that was pushing the tables in front of each doorway at Hamilton Hall, and they were trying to almost negotiate with the mob. Then when that wasn't working, they decided to stand there in front of each doorway and try to be the human barricade," said Schwalb.
Columbia protesters defy Monday deadline
Columbia imposed a 2 p.m. deadline Monday for the student protesters to dismantle their pro-Palestinian encampment. But as day turned into night, most of the students who spoke to CBS New York said they weren't going anywhere.
Hundreds marched and rallied on campus earlier in the day in support of their classmates, who have been camped out on the lawn for nearly two weeks in support of Palestinians.
After negotiating with protesters for several days, the Columbia administration announced the sides were not able to come to an agreement. Columbia said it will not divest from Israel but did offer to review student proposals and establish more transparency for the school's investment holdings.
That, however, was not enough for the pro-Palestinian demonstrators. As the deadline came and went, some faculty locked arms to protect the encampment, including Reinhold Martin, an architectural history professor.
"To defend their right to speak politically and peacefully," Martin said.
This all came on the same day some students filed a federal class action lawsuit against Columbia, arguing it has failed to protect them against antisemitism and harassment, violating its own policies.
"If they can enforce their procedures and restore campus to some sense of normalcy, then the lawsuit will go away," attorney Jay Edelson said.
Students risk suspension, not finishing semester in good standing
The Columbia administration circulated a letter to students on Monday telling protesters if they voluntarily left the encampment by 2 p.m. and signed a form committing to abide by university policies, they would be eligible to complete the semester in good standing.
If not, they would be suspended indefinitely, barred from completing this semester, not allowed to graduate if seniors, and banned from campus and residential housing.
"This movement has sparked nationwide international movement, anti-war movement across U.S. colleges and universities, national universities. So we already achieved a lot by just starting this encampment and we will remain here until all U.S. universities, especially Columbia, will divest," student protest negotiator Mahmoud Khalil said. "The students made it clear they're willing to stay here as long as needed to achieve their demands."
"They're standing up for what is right and I'm standing up for them," student Michael Ostuno said of his support for the pro-Palestinian cause.
"I am happy Columbia is taking a stance to protect its Jewish and Israeli student body who have been fearful these past few weeks," one student said.
One student said he came to campus for the last day of classes despite having a virtual option.
"To show I'm not afraid and growing up in Israel a big recurring theme was 'never again' and I don't think Jews should be intimidated," the student said.
Graduation is scheduled for May 15 on the same lawn where the encampment sits.
Similar encampment set up at Rutgers University
Students at Rutgers University also set up an encampment at the New Brunswick campus on Monday after first holding a rally and then marching to the location.
They're trying to get the attention of the university's Board of Governors and the Joint Committee on Investments after they felt their request for the school to divest from Israel was ignored at a meeting on Thursday.
Earlier this month, more than 6,000 students voted in favor of a referendum calling on university administrators to withdraw investments in Israel and cancel the school's partnership with Tel Aviv University. More than 1,500 voted against the idea.
There are 44,000 students enrolled in New Brunswick. Those who spoke to CBS New York at Monday's rally declined to go on camera.
"I'm here to support our students, all of them, and to see what our students are going with, what they feel passionate about, and also, I believe in the cause, the idea of divesting being an important part to move our university toward a more moral position," said Kaiser Aslam, Muslim chaplain of the Rutgers Center for Islamic Life.
"I am Jewish and in terms of antisemitism at these rallies, I have never felt as safe anywhere as I do at these rallies. I have never felt as embraced as I do at these rallies," said Ellen Rosner, a local resident.
Rutgers says the request is under review and that the school's president, who has no direct role in the investment process, has made clear his personal opposition to the boycott, divestment and sanctions movement, and his support for the relationship with Tel Aviv University.
On Monday's rally he said, in part, "Our students want to make a difference in a struggle that has cost far too many innocent lives and that threatens so many more. I respect their right to protest in ways that do not interfere with university operations or with the ability of their fellow students to learn."