New Webb telescope image shows 'lonely' dwarf galaxy in striking detail

CBS News Baltimore

(CNN) -- The James Webb Space Telescope has snapped a remarkably detailed image of a nearby dwarf galaxy. The near-infrared view reveals the deepest glimpse yet into a stellar panorama that could offer astronomers an ideal means of studying aspects of the early universe.

The image shows a panoply of stars within a lonely dwarf galaxy called Wolf - Lundmark - Melotte, which lies about 3 million light-years from our home galaxy, the Milky Way, and is about one-tenth the size.

The WLM galaxy is intriguing to astronomers because it has remained largely isolated and bears a similar chemical makeup to galaxies in the early universe, according to NASA.

A portion of the dwarf galaxy Wolf–Lundmark–Melotte (WLM) captured by the Spitzer Space Telescope's Infrared Array Camera (left) and the James Webb Space Telescope's Near-Infrared Camera (right). The images demonstrate Webb's remarkable ability to resolve faint stars outside the Milky Way. The Spitzer image shows 3.6-micron light in cyan and 4.5-micron in orange. (IRAC1 and IRAC2). The Webb image includes 0.9-micron light shown in blue, 1.5-micron in cyan, 2.5-micron in yellow, and 4.3-micron in red (filters F090W, F150W, F250M, and F430M). NASA/ESA/CSA/IPAC/Kristen McQuin

The Webb telescope, which launched in December 2021, is the most powerful space observatory to date. It's capable of detecting the faint light of incredibly distant galaxies as they glow in infrared light, a wavelength invisible to the human eye.

The operations center for the telescope is in Baltimore City, at the Space Telescope Science Institute on the Johns Hopkins campus.

The Hubble Space Telescope and the now-defunct Spitzer Space Telescope have imaged the WLM galaxy, but Webb used its Near-Infrared Camera, also called NIRCam, to capture it in unprecedented detail.

"We can see a myriad of individual stars of different colors, sizes, temperatures, ages, and stages of evolution; interesting clouds of nebular gas within the galaxy; foreground stars with Webb's diffraction spikes; and background galaxies with neat features like tidal tails," said Kristen McQuinn, an assistant professor in the department of physics and astronomy at Rutgers University in Piscataway, New Jersey, in a comment posted on NASA's website. A tidal tail is a thin "tail" of stars and interstellar gas extending off a galaxy.

"It's really a gorgeous image," added McQuinn, who is one of the lead scientists on the Webb Early Release Science program.

On Twitter, NASA's official Webb telescope account declared that, compared with past space observatory images, Webb's NIRCam image "makes the whole place shimmer" — a reference to the song "Bejeweled" on Taylor Swift's new album, "Midnights."

Some of the stars pictured in this latest Webb image are low-mass stars that were formed in the early universe and are able to survive for billions of years, McQuinn noted on NASA's site.

"By determining the properties of these low-mass stars (like their ages), we can gain insight into what was happening in the very distant past," she said.

By Jackie Wattles, CNN      

The-CNN-Wire
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